Consanguine Marriages Lower Genetic Diversity, Challenge Forensic DNA Analysis

A new study reveals how consanguine marriages impact genetic diversity and complicate forensic DNA work

Consanguine Marriages Lower Genetic Diversity, Challenge Forensic DNA Analysis
Consanguine Marriages Lower Genetic Diversity, Challenge Forensic DNA Analysis

Pune: A recent study from Pune’s Central Forensic Science Laboratory has some eye-opening findings. It shows that consanguine marriages, where relatives marry, can really mess with genetic diversity. This is a big deal for forensic DNA analysis, which relies on genetic markers to identify individuals.

The study, published in the journal Current Forensic Science, dives into how these marriages can lead to a lack of variety in blood types and DNA markers. It turns out that about 10% of people worldwide have consanguineous roots, which can lead to genetic disorders and even mental health issues like depression.

Inbreeding can really limit the genetic diversity in a population. Forensic scientists often use Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) to create DNA profiles. But in communities where inbreeding is common, these markers might not be as unique, making it harder to tell people apart in investigations.

Suneel Prajapati, the lead researcher, pointed out that this can create problems in criminal cases. If two unrelated people have similar DNA profiles, it can lead to confusion. This is especially tricky in paternity tests or when figuring out family ties.

The study suggests that more research is needed to find additional genetic markers and better statistical methods to deal with these challenges. Prajapati mentioned that creating a DNA database specific to different populations could help forensic labs get more accurate results. Using other genetic markers, like single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), could also improve the situation.

Mitochondrial DNA, which is passed down from mothers, might be useful too, especially when STRs don’t provide enough detail. Overall, the study highlights the need for advanced models that consider inbreeding and population structure to enhance forensic DNA analysis accuracy.

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